Epidemiological studies involving 80,000 and 3384 patients with herpes zoster showed a significantly increased risk (HR_1.11; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.17 and HR_2.83; 95% CI, 1.83 to 4.37, respectively) of developing dementia during aging [95,96]; therefore, VZV might contribute to AD pathogenesis through its binding to the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE), a zinc metalloprotease associated with Aβ degradation, inducing an impairment of its activity [97,98]. The gene discussed is IDE; the disease is dementia.