As a response, pericytes are supposed to release various factors including angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), transforming growth factor-β1, microRNA-132, and hepatocyte growth factor, which are linked to atrial fibrillation (AF) and promote local tissue inflammation as well as changes in atrial structure and electrophysiology [268,269,270,271,272,273,274,275]. The gene discussed is HGF; the disease is atrial fibrillation.