During viral infection, IRF pathways, mainly IRF3 and IRF7, are activated through signaling pathways triggered by different pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), for example, transmembrane Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which can recognize the viral pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) derived from invading pathogens [87,94,96]. This evidence concerns the gene TRIM63 and viral infectious disease.