For COVID-19 patients, the top 5 most enriched pathways are B lymphocyte cell surface molecules (PES = 9.68, p = 5.71 × 10−7), Lck and Fyn tyrosine kinases for the initiation of TCR activation, the Notch signaling pathway, antigen processing and presentation (PES = 8.60, p = 0.00014), and IL-5 signaling pathway (PES = 7.74, p = 1.40 × 10−5; Figure 8D, Table S2). Here, IL5 is linked to COVID-19.