For example, in a study of patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer and solitary PSMA-avid rib lesions on initial staging imaging, the primary prostate was treated either surgically or with radiotherapy, and serial surveillance imaging was carried out for rib lesions, with the following criteria for benign lesions: stable size or undetectable/at nadir PSA. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate carcinoma.