Two main pathways mediated by the nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-κB) are as follows: Toll pathway against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi and the immune deficiency (IMD, named after the mutation in Drosophila causing severe immune deficiency) pathway against Gram-negative bacteria [31,32,33,34,35,36]. This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and Immunodeficiency.