Two miRNAs, hsa-miR-126-3p and hsa-miR-374a-5p, demonstrated a strong sex dependency, and, especially, has-miR-126-3p has previously been associated with AD and related traits, such as neuroinflammation, neurogenesis, or BDNF synthesis (Table 4) but with contrary directions of effect. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is Alzheimer disease.