SMAD2 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: RMRP (RNA Component Of Mitochondrial RNA Processing) enhances the proliferation, invasion, and migration of NSCLC (non-small cell lung cancer) cells in a TGFBR1/SMAD2/SMAD3-dependent manner by recruiting YBX1 to the promoter region of TGFR1(Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 1), thereby increasing the transcription of TGFBR1 [104].