Other observations and conclusions were drawn from a meta-analysis by Janghorbani et al. They showed that insulin treatment was associated with an increased risk of overall cancer (RR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.14–1.70), but if the influence of insulin treatment specifically on breast, prostate, and hepatocellular cancer was considered, it was not associated, and the estimates of their effect were not statistically significant [29]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is cancer.