Although these studies were proof-of-concept for clinical treatment of DCIS due to the requirement of transferrin receptor or HER2 expression, conjugating these cell-killing agents to other antibodies, peptides, or targeting moieties could expand their applications to primary prevention of BC and/or local control of uninvolved ductal trees in DCIS-affected breast. Here, ERBB2 is linked to ductal breast carcinoma in situ.