Studies that compared the eutopic endometrium from women with adenomyosis and with endometriosis also reported molecular differences between the two groups [13], including immune and proliferation markers, HLA-DR, integrins (VLA-2, 3, 4, 5, 6), E-cadherin, VLA 2–4 and E-Cadherin, eNOS, Bcl-2, intra-epithelial leukocytes CD45+, CD43+, oxidative stress, free radicals, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), cytokines and inflammatory mediators, COX-2 expression, xanthine oxidase (XO), catalase, PGP 9.5 and NF protein, and aromatase. This evidence concerns the gene XDH and adenomyosis.