TNF and pneumonia: Shu-Qing Zhen et al. found that when GA combined with TPVB was used in radical lung tumour resection, the postoperative levels of adrenaline, norepinephrine, dopamine, TNF-α and IL-6 were significantly reduced after surgery, which proved that TPVB could also inhibit the stress response and inflammatory response during surgery, reduce the risk of pneumonia injury, and effectively protect the lung.