For example, some of the DCM extract compounds reported in the literature had topical and systemic anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-influenza, antimicrobial, anti-shigellosis, pro-inflammatory, antimutagenic, cytotoxic, analgesic, antipyretic, down-regulation of protein expression of iNOS and COX-2, and antiproliferative (against HeLa cells) activities. The gene discussed is PTGS2; the disease is shigellosis.