Mice exposed to microplastics for a week suffered significant liver damage and oxidative stress, disturbed liver–gut axis, and increased risk of insulin resistance.Oxidative stress occurred in the liver.When exposed to microplastics for two weeks, lower cortisol in the liver may interfere with insulin secretion and induce insulin resistance.Disturbed gut microbiota.Fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR levels were significantly elevated after microplastics exposure. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is Insulin resistance.