CCL2 and Hepatic fibrosis: As reviewed by Nallagangula et al. (18), Lew-Tusk et al. (19), and Ozdogan et al. (2), blood biomarkers for liver fibrosis include indirect markers (albumin, bilirubin, AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, and prothrombin time), direct markers (collagens, glycoproteins and polysaccharides, collagenases, hyaluronic acid, type IV collagen, procollagen III aminopeptide, laminin, YKL-40, MCP-1, sFas, CK18, and autotaxin), and combinational markers (APRI, AST/ALT, Bonacini index, ELF index, FIB-4, Fibro index, fibrometer test, FibroSpect II, Foma test, Hepascore, Fibrotest, and Lok index).