This leads to the release and translocation ofactivated NF-κB or AP-1 to the nucleus, where the expressionof pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferons is induced.5−7 It was shown previously that upregulated or downregulated TLR7 signalingis involved in the development and progression of numerous diseases,including chronic inflammatory and infectious diseases, autoimmunediseases, and cancer.8−10 However, the use of TLR7 agonists in the treatmentof these diseases is still in the research phase, so further clinicalstudies are needed to fully understand their role and efficacy. The gene discussed is TLR7; the disease is infectious disease.