Mailliez et al. (2020) found that Hb and ALB levels in frail populations were relatively low. Xu et al. (2020) found that elderly people with a lower BMI had a higher risk of frailty. Fujisawa et al. (2022) found that elderly people with higher levels of frailty were more prone to developing hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypocalcemia. Asaoka et al. (2020) found that frail elderly people have higher CONUT scores. Yaku et al. (2020) found that patients with hypoalbuminemia and hyponatremia had a 76% and 49% increased risk of frailty, respectively. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and Hypocalcemia.