In neuroblastoma, it has been shown to increase mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress by stimulating caspases (caspase-3, 4, 8, 9, 12), PARP1, GRP-78/Bip, GRP-94/gp96, IRE1α, and TRAF2[52]. The gene discussed is ERN1; the disease is neuroblastoma.