Rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator activator receptor-gamma (PPARγ) agonist, was recently shown to decrease oxidative stress in the lacrimal gland, in part by activating PPARγ and thus promoting the overexpression of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPx3) in a diabetes-related DED murine model receiving the compound via oral gavage [158]. This evidence concerns the gene GPX3 and diabetes mellitus.