ROS also oxidize and inactivate Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) phosphatases, inducing growth factor receptor activation and MAPK/ERK pro-proliferative signaling and can facilitate tumor cell survival by activating NF-κB and Nrf2, transcription factors that upregulate the expression of antioxidants [25]. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is neoplasm.