Most cancer cells, including breast cancer cells, have increased eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) expression, which leads to the upregulation of cancer-promoting genes37 and overexpression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein (4E-BP1), which is linked to endocrine resistance and poor prognoses29. This evidence concerns the gene EIF4E and breast carcinoma.