The infiltration of 22 distinct immune cell subpopulations was evaluated, and the abundance ratios of these cells in the 149 samples were depicted in Fig. 6A. Additionally, the interaction of innate immune cells was illustrated in Fig. 6B. Compared to control samples, neonatal sepsis samples had a greater proportion of Tregs, macrophages M0, and neutrophils, while showing lower proportions of T cells CD8, T cells CD4 naive, T cells CD4 memory resting, and activated NK cells (Fig. 6C). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is Neonatal sepsis.