Moreover, the estimated 12-month (60.7% vs. 47.8%) and 24-month (43.1% vs. 7.9%) OS rates were significantly enhanced, which confirmed for the first time that PD-1 monoclonal antibody combined with chemotherapy also achieved positive results and refreshed the long-term survival benefit record of patients with ES-SCLC. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is small cell lung carcinoma.