Previous studies have shown that EGFR mutations induce signaling pathways associated with carcinogenesis, such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS/RAF/MAPK, and JAK/STAT, and promote malignant phenotypes such as proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis of tumor cells57–59. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is neoplasm.