Also abundant were the dysregulated expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine receptors (e.g., IL18RAP, IL6R, IL12RB2, IL17RC, IL17RD, IL20RA, IL20RB, IL22RA1, IL4R, and IL9R), supporting the notion that cytokines play pivotal roles in the pathogenesis of T2DM-related periodontitis, a typical infectious-inflammatory disorder. This evidence concerns the gene IL4R and periodontitis.