Furthermore, the imbalance of TFH and TFR cells is responsible for the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, including SLE and IgG4-related disease[25], as indicated by an increased TFH and TFR cells in IgG4-related disease patients and abnormal TFH/TFR ratio in SLE patients, which is positively correlated with anti-dsDNA antibodies [25, 26]. This evidence concerns the gene TFRC and immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing disease.