APOB and Hyperglycemia: Our study provided further evidence that supported the potential role of hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, and IR in the pathogenesis of CKD, since we found that the subjects with DKD had significantly higher SBP, MAP, TG, apoB/A, METS-IR, GE index, prevalence of hypertension, and dyslipidaemia, and lower HDL-C and apoA, and GE index, apoB, apoA, hypertension, and METS-IR, a novel inexpensive and reliable surrogate indicator of IR (34), remained independently significantly associated with the presence of DKD after adjustment for confounding factors.