Transgenic expression of wild-type human TDP-43 or fALS mutant TDP-43(A315T), TDP-43(M337V), and TDP-43(G290A) in C. elegans neurons under the snb-1 promoter results in several ALS associated phenotypes including progressive motor deficits, GABAergic motor neuron degeneration, a reduction in lifespan, disease-associated TDP-43 phosphorylation at epitopes S409/410, and the formation of insoluble TDP-43 aggregates in the nucleus, but not the cytoplasm (Table 1) (Liachko et al., 2010). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.