Saccharomyces boulardii promoted epithelial restitution in IBD patients by improving IL-8 levels, inhibiting Th1 polarization induced by CD1c+CD11c+CD123- mDCs, and reducing TNF-α and IL-6 levels, as well as the expression of CD40, CD80, and CCR7 on mDCs (156, 157). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and inflammatory bowel disease.