Tumor cells and cells of the microenvironment produce immunosuppressive cytokines (e.g., PGE2, IL-10, and TGF-β), oncometabolites (e.g., lactic acid) and express ligands of IFN inhibitory receptors (e.g., BST2) that hijack IFN-α production by pDCs (28, 31). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is neoplasm.