The primary mechanism involves MCP-1 activating monocytes through chemotaxis thereby promoting their secretion offibrogenic cytokines such as TGF-B,resulting in extracellular matrix accumulation within glomeruliand renal tubules leading to renal interstitial fibrosis,promoting glomerulosclerosis,and ultimately causing renal failure (8). The gene discussed is CCL2; the disease is acute kidney injury.