INS and Obesity: This concurs with the results by Martínez-Villanueva et al., who reported that children with at least one parent with obesity (either the mother, the father, or both) present more pronounced impairments in carbohydrate metabolism, as mirrored in increased levels of insulin and glycated hemoglobin, higher HOMA-IR scores, and lower WBISI (whole-body insulin sensitivity index) scores [26].