Supporting these results, a pioneer study conducted in high-fat diet fed mice proved that parental and grandparental obesity may affect systemic immune changes in the offspring, as indicated by adipose tissue fibrosis, macrophage infiltration, as well as increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β) and decreased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) [34]. The gene discussed is IL10; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.