BDNF levels, a protective factor against future occurrence of dementia and AD, implicated in neuronal and synaptic processes taking place in the neocortex and the hippocampus, were overall lower in the context of CI in PTSD, however this was independent of CI status (Domitrovic Spudic et al., 2022). The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is post-traumatic stress disorder.