We also dynamically monitored serum NSE, a common NE marker, and as expected, we found a significant serum NSE increasement when SCLC transformation occurred as compared to initial NSCLC diagnosis (34.37 ± 13.44 ng/ml vs. 16.03 ± 3.01 ng/ml, P < 0.0001) (Fig. 1F). The gene discussed is ENO2; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.