Despite BA.4 and BA.5 replicating similarly to BA.2 in HAEs, we consistently observed reduced innate activation, measured by ISG induction, after BA.4 and BA.5 infection (IFNB, CXCL10, IFIT1, IFIT2, DDX58 and RSAD2; Fig. 1j). Here, IFIT1 is linked to infection.