Notably, CD8+ inflamed tumors are characterized by high CD8+ T cell infiltration, increased expression of PD-1, PD-L1, PD-L2, and CTLA-4, and higher frequency of chromosome 14 loss and BAP1 mutations7, which have been associated with worse prognosis in ccRCC, but hold implications for response to ICI therapy39,40. Here, PDCD1 is linked to nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma.