Although our data are focused on the effect of leptin, we do not discard that the combined inhibition of autophagy and OXPHOS could be an appropriate strategy in triple-negative mammary tumors, which have shown high expression of autophagy markers, that positively correlate with poor prognosis, and which also show enrichment of pathways associated with OXPHOS in the metastatic stage, despite being tumors that originally depend on a glycolytic metabolism44,48,67, particularly in the setting of obesity. This evidence concerns the gene LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.