MCOLN1 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Furthermore, we observed that expression levels of LAMP1, ATP6V1a, and MCOLN1 in muscles of DMD patients were unchanged or rather upregulated despite a reduction in the expression of TFEB. These findings suggest that FoxOs, rather than TFEB, might play a dominant role in the downregulation of autophagy-related genes in the tibialis anterior muscle of mdx mice.