An analogous model was proposed by Hu et al. (2022) regarding the compatible interaction of rice with the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae: the AO-related protein MoAo1 is secreted by the fungus into the rice apoplast, compromise the functionality of rice AO by the disruption of homodimers, resulting in an imbalance in the redox state of the host’s apoplast that promotes fungal infection. Here, AOX1 is linked to fungal infectious disease.