The here-described human CD8 T cell regenerative capacities might explain the observation that preactivated effector-like CD8 T cells contribute to liver pathology under chronic NASH conditions and promote malignant transformation and tumor growth rather than exert antitumor effector functions (Dudek et al., 2021; Pfister et al., 2021). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.