Upon phenotypic comparison of Treg from WT versus Foxp3YFP-CreCtla4fl/WT animals, we found a decrease in cTreg and increase in eTreg in both CTLA-4–deficient (YFP+) and CTLA-4–intact (YFP-) cells within Foxp3YFP-CreCtla4fl/WT animals (Fig. 5D), suggesting that in the setting of chronic alcohol exposure and sepsis, CTLA-4 loss leads to activation of Treg via a cell-extrinsic mechanism. The gene discussed is CTLA4; the disease is Sepsis.