HSPA1A and interstitial lung disease: Pairwise comparisons between each pre- versus post-gene–corrected patient-specific iAEC2 sample revealed 1,384 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the E690K mutant and 254 genes for the W308R mutant (FDR < 0.05, absolute log2FC > 1, Supplemental Table 1A and B. Among the top 50 genes enriched in the E690K iAEC2s were NFκB signaling factors such as TNFRSF10B, IL23A, and NFKB1, protein chaperones such as HSPA1A, and gene products, such as TGFβ, which have been previously published as playing a role in interstitial lung diseases.