KRAS and pancreatic neoplasm: The occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer is accompanied by a large number of gene mutations, including K-ras, TP53, SMAD4 and CDKN2A, and more than 90% of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia cases show K-ras mutations and EGFR overexpression, while approximately 10% of cases are inherited (Gu et al., 2020; Khan et al., 2021; Liu et al., 2023).