The increased risks were somewhat more pronounced in APOE ε4 carriers (HR per SD higher 1.34 [0.98–1.82] for all-cause dementia; 1.44 [1.01–2.05] for AD, Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 2) and in persons with type 2 diabetes (HR 1.35 [0.94–1.94] and 1.27 [0.83–1.95]). Here, APOE is linked to dementia.