BDNF expression plays an essential role in female reproductivity by affecting placental function, oocyte maturation, embryo development, follicle development, and oogenesis, therefore dysregulation of BDNF can lead to several serious complications in women such as endometriosis, intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR), preeclampsia and cancers [20]. The gene discussed is BDNF; the disease is endometriosis.