The strategies, being MHC independent, circumvents the escape mechanisms of tumor like downregulation of MHC I molecules, loss of co-stimulating molecules, upregulation of anti-apoptotic molecules etc. In 2020, CAR T cells (Tecartus) got FDA approval as the first cell-based gene therapy modality for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Here, HLA-C is linked to acute lymphoblastic leukemia.