AKT1 and Wilson disease: Importantly, the inclusion of the metabolite sensing pathway mTOR, in form of a negative feedback loop between mTORC1 and mTORC2, proved to be essential to gain insights into the molecular mechanisms causing the reduced AKT phosphorylation in WD hepatocytes: The increased basal MET phosphorylation in WD hepatocytes results in an increased basal phosphorylation of S6K via mTORC1, which in turn inhibits mTORC2 and PI3K activation and as a consequence, results in reduced AKT phosphorylation.