Next, we used BCBL-1-Tet-K-RTA, a human primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) cell line that initiates lytic reactivation upon doxycycline induction, and confirmed that knockdown of OTUD4 greatly impaired KSHV lytic replication (Figs 2E, S2B and S2C). Here, OTUD4 is linked to primary effusion lymphoma.