ADORA1 and rheumatoid arthritis: In the inflammatory response, adenosine plays an anti-inflammatory role, relieving pain and inhibiting the activation of inflammatory cells mainly through adenosine receptors (ARs) on the surface of cell membrane.[36] Activation of ARs is able to regulate the release of inflammatory cytokines, and a large number of studies have shown that modulation of adenosine signaling is a potential strategy for the treatment of RA.[37] Han Jing et al studied the expression of adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) in the hypothalamus and spinal cord of adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats.