Interestingly, concurring with our findings, Lei et al. have speculated that the transcription factor FoxO1 is a negative regulator of virus-triggered interferon-β induction during viral infection and mediates IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) degradation independent of that by RBCK1, the common E3 ubiquitin ligase [15]. The gene discussed is RBCK1; the disease is viral infectious disease.