IFNG and neoplasm: To overcome the obstacles posed by the blood-brain barrier, half-life in the interstitial fluid, and targeted localization to the tumor environment, such studies likely need to incorporate novel drug delivery technologies (e.g. convection-enhanced delivery, encapsulation in microspheres/nanoparticles, IFN-γ protein vs. mRNA delivery, etc.)or stimulation of IFN-γ release from existing cells in the tumor microenvironment.